Amid escalating tensions, India has commenced the process of withdrawing military personnel stationed in the Maldives, prompted by the new administration’s directive, which leans towards China. The move follows President Mohamed Muizzu’s election promise to expel Indian security forces deployed for maritime surveillance in the archipelago.
Commencement of Withdrawal
According to reports from local media outlets, the withdrawal process has already begun, with 25 Indian troops stationed in the southernmost atoll of Addu departing ahead of the agreed-upon date of March 10. The comprehensive withdrawal plan encompasses a total of 89 Indian troops and accompanying support staff, with the aim of completion by May 10.
Operational Transition
In line with the withdrawal agreement, Indian military aircraft, including two helicopters and one fixed-wing plane, are set to be operated by Indian civilian personnel who have already arrived in the Maldives. While there has been no official confirmation from either the Maldivian or Indian authorities, reports indicate that the Maldivian National Defence Force has acknowledged the initiation of the Indian troop withdrawal.
Geopolitical Implications
The timing of this military transition coincides with the Maldives’ recent signing of a “military assistance” agreement with China, signalling a significant shift in diplomatic allegiances. The agreement aims to strengthen bilateral ties between Male and Beijing, with provisions for Chinese training of Maldivian military personnel.
Regional Dynamics and Indian Concerns
The strategic location of the Maldives and neighbouring Sri Lanka along crucial international shipping routes underscores their geopolitical significance. India, traditionally viewing the Maldives as within its sphere of influence, has expressed reservations regarding China’s expanding presence in the Indian Ocean region.
Diplomatic Relations and Policy Responses
Diplomatic relations between India and the Maldives have deteriorated since President Muizzu assumed office, with the latter gravitating towards closer ties with China, its largest external creditor. Despite assurances to the contrary, suspicions persist regarding the potential for Chinese military involvement in the region.
Indian Strategic Response
In response to these developments, India has announced measures to bolster its naval capabilities in the strategically vital Lakshadweep islands, situated approximately 130 kilometres north of the Maldives. The reinforcement includes enhancing operational surveillance and security measures to safeguard Indian interests in the region.
Conclusion:
The ongoing withdrawal of Indian troops from the Maldives marks a pivotal moment in the evolving geopolitical landscape of the Indian Ocean region. As diplomatic tensions persist and regional dynamics continue to shift, the strategic manoeuvres of key players like India and China are likely to shape the future trajectory of maritime security and geopolitical influence in the region.
-Prisha Jaiswal